Solanum carolinense

TaxID: 50511

Basic Information

Scientific Name *

Solanum carolinense

Common Name

Apple Of Sodom, Ball Nightshade, ball nightshade

Introduction

Solanum carolinense, the Carolina horsenettle, is not a true nettle, but a member of the Solanaceae, or nightshade family. It is a perennial herbaceous plant, native to the southeastern United States, though its range has expanded throughout much of temperate North America. The plant is considered to be invasive in parts of Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia. The stem and undersides of larger leaf veins are covered with prickles. "Horsenettle" is also written "horse nettle" or "horse-nettle", though USDA publications usually use the one-word form. Though there are other horsenettle nightshades, S. carolinense is the species most commonly called "the horsenettle". Other common names include radical weed, sand brier or briar, bull nettle, tread-softly, Solanum mammosum ("apple of Sodom"), devil's tomato and wild tomato.

from Wikipedia

Taxonomic Information

Domain/Kingdom

Eukaryota

Phylum

Streptophyta

Class

Magnoliopsida

Order

Solanales

Family

Solanaceae

Genus

Solanum

Species

carolinense

Subspecies

Unclassified

Photos (5 photos)

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Morphological Features

No morphological description available.

Host Plants (0 host plants)

Data sources: EPPO Global Database and relevant literature.

No host plants available.

Quarantine Status (22 records)

Data sources: IPPC website and national quarantine websites; verified by human review.

Country	Status	Year Added
Armenia	Absent	—
Azerbaijan	Absent	2024
Belarus	Absent	1994
Switzerland	List of Invasive Alien Plants	2014
Chile	A1 list	2019
China	Quarantine pests	2021
Georgia	Present	2018
India	Quarantine pests	—
Iran	Absent	2018
Israel	Quarantine pest	2009

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Distribution (30 countries)

Data Sources: EPPO Global Database and GBIF.

21

Present

0

Absent

0

Unknown/Other

Country	Status	State
Australia	Transient	—
Austria	Present	—
Belgium	Transient	—
Bangladesh	Present	—
Brazil	Present	—
Canada	Present	—
Switzerland	Transient	—
China	Present
Czechia	Transient	—
Germany	Present	—

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Distribution Map (Latitude and longitude coordinates sourced from GBIF.)

Download CSV

Genomes (0 records)

Data source: NCBI.

No genome records available.

Transcriptomes (1 records)

Data source: NCBI.

Run ID	Tissue	Developmental Stage	Sex	Read Count	Location	Actions
SRR18909626	leaf	-	-	28740483	USA	Download NCBI
BioProject PRJNA827705 Experiment ID SRX14987665 Study ID SRP371585 Category weed Title RNA-Seq of Solanum carolinense Sample Attributes {'tissue': 'leaf', 'geo_loc_name': 'USA', 'biosamplemodel': 'Plant'}

DNA Barcodes (30 records)

View all

Data source: BOLD.

Process ID	BIN	Marker	Length	Country	Date	Lat/Lon	Sequence
WAT373-12	-	rbcLa	552	Canada	2012-08-14	42.4406, -81.8842	AGTGTTGGATTCAAAGCTGGTGTTAAAGAGTACAAATTGACTTATTATACTCCTCAGTACCAAACCAAGGATACTGATATATTGGCAGCATTCCGAGTAACTCCTCAACCTGGAGTTCCACCTGAAGAAGCAGGGGCCGCGGTAGCTGCCGAATCTTCTACTGGTACATGGACAACTGTATGGACCGATGGACTTACCAGTCTTGATCGTTACAAAGGGCGATGCTACCGCATCGAGCGTGTTCTTGGAGAAAAAGATCAATATATTGCTTATGTAGCTTACCCTTTAGACCTTTTTGAAGAAGGTTCCGTTACCAATATGTTTACTTCCATTGTAGGTAATGTATTTGGGTTCAAAGCCCTGCGCGCTCTACGTCTGGAAGATCTGCGAATCCCTCCTGCTTATATTAAAACTTTCCAAGGTCCACCTCATGGGATCCAAGTTGAAAGAGATAAATTGAACAAGTATGGTCGTCCCCTGTTGGGATGTACTATTAAACCTAAATTGGGGTTATCTGCTAAAAACTACGGTAGAGCTGTTTATGAATGTCTT
SERC138-14	-	trnH-psbA	533	United States	2012-08-06	38.869, -76.553	ATAACTTCCCTCTAGACCTAGCTGCTATCGAAGCTCCATCTACAAATGGATAA--GA------------------------------T----------C-----C-T--AGC-------------------------CTA--------------------------------------------------------GTCT-A-TAG---------------GA----------G---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------G-----------------------T----------TTTG-------------------------------------AA------AAGA--------------------------------AA-------------------------G-----G---------AG---------------------------------CAAT------------A--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ATCAT-------------T-----------TTC-------------------------------T-T-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------GTTTT-----ATCA---------------------AG------------------------------AG-----------GGTGCTA---------TTG--------CTCC-------------------------------------------------------------------------TTTCT---TTTTTTT------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TTTTATTATAAATTTCCTAGTATTTTCTAGTATTTTACTGACATAGA------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------CTTTTTTGTTTACA------------TTATAGAAAAAGAAGGAGAGGGTATTTGCCT---GCATTT------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ATTCATGATTGAGTATTCGATTTTGATTTTCTATTTATTTAAAATTGTAGAAATATA--------------------------------ACTTGTTCCTCTTGTTGCTAATGTTACTATATCTTTTTATTTCATTTCACACAAAAAATCGAATT------TTGATC--------TCATATCTTT---------------------------------------GATTTGAAAT------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------AATAATAGAAATAATACTACATTG--AAATAAG-----CGAAATACG-------------AA-------AGA------------------AGAGAAATATTCGAACTTGAATCTTTTGTTTTCGAATTTAAATAATGTAAAAACGGAATGTCATCAGTAGGG----------------------------------------------------------------------------------GAGGGGGCGGATGTAGCCAAG--------------
SERC138-14	-	rbcLa	553	United States	2012-08-06	38.869, -76.553	AAGTGTTGGATTCAAAGCTGGTGTTAAAGAGTACAAATTGACTTATTATACTCCTCAGTACCAAACCAAGGATACTGATATATTGGCAGCATTCCGAGTAACTCCTCAACCTGGAGTTCCACCTGAAGAAGCAGGGGCCGCGGTAGCTGCCGAATCTTCTACTGGTACATGGACAACTGTATGGACCGATGGACTTACCAGTCTTGATCGTTACAAAGGGCGATGCTACCGCATCGAGCGTGTTCTTGGAGAAAAAGATCAATATATTGCTTATGTAGCTTACCCTTTAGACCTTTTTGAAGAAGGTTCCGTTACCAATATGTTTACTTCCATTGTAGGTAATGTATTTGGGTTCAAAGCCCTGCGCGCTCTACGTCTGGAAGATCTGCGAATCCCTCCTGCTTATATTAAAACTTTCCAAGGTCCACCTCATGGGATCCAAGTTGAAAGAGATAAATTGAACAAGTATGGTCGTCCCCTGTTGGGATGTACTATTAAACCTAAATTGGGGTTATCTGCTAAAAACTACGGTAGAGCTGTTTATGAATGTCTT
SERC138-14	-	matK	729	United States	2012-08-06	38.869, -76.553	---------CATTTATTACGATTCTTTCTCCACGAATATTGTAATTTGAATAGTCTTATTACTTCA------AAGAAGCCGGGTTACTCTTTT---TCAAAA------AAAAATCAAAAATTCTTCTTCTTCTTATATAATTCTTATGTATATGAATGCGAATCTACTTTCGTCTTTCTACGGAAACAATCTTTTCATTTACGATCAACATCTTTTGGAGCTCTTCTTGAACGAATATATTTCTATGGAAAAATA------GAACGTCTTGTA------GAA------GTCTTTGCTAAGGATTTT---CAGGTTACCCTATGGTTATTCAAGGATCCTTTGATGCATTATGTTAGGTATGAAGGAAAATCAATTCTGGCTTCAAAAGGGACGTTTCTTTTGATGAATAAATGGAAATTTTACCTTGTCAATTTTTGGCAATGTCATTTTTCTATGTACTTTCACACAGGAAGGATCCATATAAACCAATTATCCAACCATTCCCGTGACTTTATGGGCTATCTTTCGAGTGTGCGACTAAATCATTCA---ATGGTACGTAGTCAAATGTTCGAAAATTCATTTCTAATCAATAATCCAATT------AAGAAATTCGATACCCTTGTTCCAATTATTCCTTTGATTGGATCATTAGCTAAAGCACACTTTTGTACCGTATTAGGGCATCCTAGTAGTAAACCGGTTTGGTCCGATTTATCAGATTCTGATATTATTGATCGATTTGGGCGTATATGCAGAAATCTTTTTCATTATTATAGC---------------------
SCBI313-14	-	trnH-psbA	533	United States	2013-07-17	38.892, -78.146	ATAACTTCCCTCTAGACCTAGCTGCTATCGAAGCTCCATCTACAAATGGATAA--GA---TC-------------------------C----------T----------AGC-------------------------CTA--------------------------------------------------------GTCT-A-TAG---------------GA----------G---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------G-----------------------T----------TTTG-------------------------------------AA------AAGA--------------------------------AA-------------------------G-----G---------AG---------------------------------CAAT------------A--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ATCAT-------------T------------TT-------------------------C-----T-T-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------GTTTT--------AT--------------------CA------------------------------AG-------AG--GGTGCTA---------TTG--------CTCC---------------------------------------------------------------------TTTCT---T---T-TTTTT-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------TTTT---------TTATTATAA----ATTTCCTAGTATTTTCTAGTATTTTACTGACATAGACTTTTTTGTTTACATTATAGAAAAAGAAGGAGAGGGT------ATTTGCCTGCATTTATTCATGATTGAGTATTCG------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ATTTTTATTTTCTA----------------------------------TTTATTTAA---AATTGT--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------AGAAATATAACTTGTTCCTCTTGTTGCTAATGTTACT------------------------------------------------------------ATATCTTTTTATTTCATTTCACACAAAAAATCGAATT--------TTGA--------TCTCATATCT------------TT-------------------------GATTTGAAAT------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------AATAATAGAAATAATACTACATTG--AAATAAG-------CGAAATA------C-GA---AA-------GAA------------------GAGAAATAT------------TCGAACTTGAATCTTTTGTTTTCGAATTTAAATAATGTAAAAACGGAATGTCATCAGTAGGG-----------------------------------------------------------------------GAGGGGGCGGATGTAGCCA----------------
SCBI313-14	-	rbcLa	529	United States	2013-07-17	38.892, -78.146	AAGTGTTGGATTCAAAGCTGGTGTTAAAGAGTACAAATTGACTTATTATACTCCTCAGTACCAAACCAAGGATACTGATATATTGGCAGCATTCCGAGTAACTCCTCAACCTGGAGTTCCACCTGAAGAAGCAGGGGCCGCGGTAGCTGCCGAATCTTCTACTGGTACATGGACAACTGTATGGACCGATGGACTTACCAGTCTTGATCGTTACAAAGGGCGATGCTACCGCATCGAGCGTGTTCTTGGAGAAAAAGATCAATATATTGCTTATGTAGCTTACCCTTTAGACCTTTTTGAAGAAGGTTCCGTTACCAATATGTTTACTTCCATTGTAGGTAATGTATTTGGGTTCAAAGCCCTGCGCGCTCTACGTCTGGAAGATCTGCGAATCCCTCCTGCTTATATTAAAACTTTCCAAGGTCCACCTCATGGGATCCAAGTTGAAAGAGATAAATTGAACAAGTATGGTCGTCCCCTGTTGGGATGTACTATTAAACCTAAATTGGGGTTATCTGCTAAAAACTAC------------------------
SCBI313-14	-	matK	653	United States	2013-07-17	38.892, -78.146	-CCTCTTCTTTACATTTATTACGATTCTTTCTCCACGAATATTGT------AATTTGAATAGTCTTATTACTTCA---------AAGAAGCCGGGTTACTCTTTTTCA---------AAAAAAAAT---------------CAAAAATTCTTCTTCTTCTTATATAATTCTTATGTATATGAATGCGAATCTACTTTCGTCTTTCTACGGAAACAATCTTTTCATTTACGATCAACATCTTTTGGAGCTCTTCTTGAACGAATATATTTCTATGAAAAAATA------------------GAACGTCTTGTA---------------------GAAGTCTTTGCTAAGGATTTTCAGGTTACCCTA------TGGTTATTCAAGGATCCTTTGATGCATTATGTTAGGTATGAAGGAAAATCAATTCTGGCTTCAAAAGGGACGTTTCTTTTGATGAAT---AAATGGAAATTTTACCTTGTCAATTTTTGGCAATGTCATTTTTCTATGTACTTTCACACA------GGAAGGATCCATATA------AACCAATTATCCAACCATTCCCGTGACTTTATGGGCTATCTTTCGAGTGTGCGACTAAATCATTCA---ATGGTACGTAGTCAAATGTTC------GAAAATTCATTTCTAATCAATAATCCAATTAAG------AAATTCGATACCCTTGTTCCAATTATTCCTTTGATTGGATCATTAGCTAAAGCACACTTTTGTACCGTATTAGGGCATCCTAGT-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SCBI292-14	-	trnH-psbA	542	United States	2013-07-09	38.892, -78.146	ATAACTTCCCTCTAGACCTAGCTGCTATCGAAGCTCCATCTACAAATGGATAA--GA---TC-------------------------C----------T----------AGC-------------------------CTA--------------------------------------------------------GTCT-A-TAG---------------GA----------G---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------G-----------------------T----------TTTG-------------------------------------AA------AAGA--------------------------------AA-------------------------G-----G---------AG---------------------------------CAAT------------A--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ATCAT-------------T------------TT-------------------------C-----T-T-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------GTTTT--------AT--------------------CA------------------------------AG-------AG--GGTGCTA---------TTG--------CTCC---------------------------------------------------------------------T---T---T---C-TTTTT-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------TTTT---------TTTTATTAT----AAATTTCCTAGTATTTTCTAGTATTTTACTGACATAGACTTTTTTGTTTACATTATAGAAAAAGAAGGAGAGG------GTATTTGCCTGCATTTATTCATGATTGAGTATTCG----------------------------------------------------------------------------------ATTTTGATTTTCTA----------------------------------TTTATTTAA---AATTGT--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------AGAAATATAACTTGTTCCTCTTGTTGCTAATGTTACT------------------------------------------------------------ATATCTTTTTATTTCATTTCACACAAAAAATCGAATT--------TTGA--------TCTCATATCT------------TT-------------------------GATTTGAAAT------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------AATAATAGAAATAATACTACATTG--AAATAAG-------CGAAATA------C-GA---AA-------GAA------------------GAGAAATAT------------TCGAACTTGAATCTTTTGTTTTCGAATTTAAATAATGTAAAAACGGAATGTCATCAGTAGGG-----------------------------------------------------------------------GAGGGGGCGGATGTAGCCAAGTGGATCAA------
SCBI292-14	-	rbcLa	553	United States	2013-07-09	38.892, -78.146	AAGTGTTGGATTCAAAGCTGGTGTTAAAGAGTACAAATTGACTTATTATACTCCTCAGTACCAAACCAAGGATACTGATATATTGGCAGCATTCCGAGTAACTCCTCAACCTGGAGTTCCACCTGAAGAAGCAGGGGCCGCGGTAGCTGCCGAATCTTCTACTGGTACATGGACAACTGTATGGACCGATGGACTTACCAGTCTTGATCGTTACAAAGGGCGATGCTACCGCATCGAGCGTGTTCTTGGAGAAAAAGATCAATATATTGCTTATGTAGCTTACCCTTTAGACCTTTTTGAAGAAGGTTCCGTTACCAATATGTTTACTTCCATTGTAGGTAATGTATTTGGGTTCAAAGCCCTGCGCGCTCTACGTCTGGAAGATCTGCGAATCCCTCCTGCTTATATTAAAACTTTCCAAGGTCCACCTCATGGGATCCAAGTTGAAAGAGATAAATTGAACAAGTATGGTCGTCCCCTGTTGGGATGTACTATTAAACCTAAATTGGGGTTATCTGCTAAAAACTACGGTAGAGCTGTTTATGAATGTCTT
SCBI292-14	-	matK	757	United States	2013-07-09	38.892, -78.146	-CCTCTTCTTTACATTTATTACGATTCTTTCTCCACGAATATTGT------AATTTGAATAGTCTTATTACTTCA---------AAGAAGCCGGGTTACTCTTTTTCA---------AAAAAAAAT---------------CAAAAATTCTTCTTCTTCTTATATAATTCTTATGTATATGAATGCGAATCTACTTTCGTCTTTCTACGGAAACAATCTTTTCATTTACGATCAACATCTTTTGGAGCTCTTCTTGAACGAATATATTTCTATGGAAAAATA------------------GAACGTCTTGTA---------------------GAAGTCTTTGCTAAGGATTTTCAGGTTACCCTA------TGGTTATTCAAGGATCCTTTGATGCATTATGTTAGGTATGAAGGAAAATCAATTCTGGCTTCAAAAGGGACGTTTCTTTTGATGAAT---AAATGGAAATTTTACCTTGTCAATTTTTGGCAATGTCATTTTTCTATGTACTTTCACACA------GGAAGGATCCATATA------AACCAATTATCCAACCATTCCCGTGACTTTATGGGCTATCTTTCGAGTGTGCGACTAAATCATTCA---ATGGTACGTAGTCAAATGTTC------GAAAATTCATTTCTAATCAATAATCCAATTAAG------AAATTCGATACCCTTGTTCCAATTATTCCTTTGATTGGATCATTAGCTAAAGCACACTTTTGTACCGTATTAGGGCATCCTAGTAGT---AAACCGGTTTGGTCCGATTTATCAGATACTGATATTATTGATCGATTTGGGCGTATATGCAGAAATCTTTCTCATTATTATAGCGGATCTTCCCAAAAAAA--

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Solanum carolinense

Basic Information

Taxonomic Information

Photos (5 photos)

Morphological Features

Host Plants (0 host plants)

Quarantine Status (22 records)

Distribution (30 countries)

Distribution Map (Latitude and longitude coordinates sourced from GBIF.)

Genomes (0 records)

Transcriptomes (1 records)

DNA Barcodes (30 records)

Literature

State Information