Harmonia axyridis
TaxID: 115357
Basic Information
Harmonia axyridis
Harlequin Ladybird
Harmonia axyridis is a lady beetle or ladybird species that is most commonly known as the harlequin, Asian, or multicoloured Asian lady beetle. This is one of the most variable lady beetle species in the world, with an exceptionally wide range of colour forms. It is native to eastern Asia, and has been artificially introduced to North America and Europe to control aphids and scale insects. It is now common, well known, and spreading in those regions, and has also established in Africa and widely across South America. This species is conspicuous in North America, where it may locally be known as the Halloween beetle, as it often invades homes during October to overwinter. Other names include multivariate, southern, Japanese, and pumpkin ladybird. Like other coccinellid beetles, this species may interchangeably be referred to as a lady beetle, ladybug, or ladybird, though entomologists prefer the names ladybird beetles or lady beetles to avoid confusion with true bugs. A widespread misconception exists that this species is not a ladybug due to confusion over common names.
from Wikipedia
Taxonomic Information
Metazoa
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae
Harmonia
axyridis
unclassified
Species
nan
k__Metazoa;p__Arthropoda;c__Insecta;o__Coleoptera;f__Coccinellidae;g__Harmonia;s__Harmonia axyridis
nan
Arthropods
Photos (5 photos)
Morphological Features
Adult Harmonia axyridis are relatively large coccinellids, typically about 4.9–8.2 mm long and 4.0–6.6 mm wide, with a short-oval, strongly convex body and smooth, glabrous dorsal surfaces. Colouration is exceptionally polymorphic and should not be used alone for identification. The elytra may be yellow, orange, or red with zero to 19 black spots, or predominantly black with two or four red/orange spots; intermediate and less common patterns also occur. In pale forms, the pronotum is usually cream to yellowish-white with variable central black markings that may appear as four spots, two curved marks, a solid dark patch, or, characteristically, a black M- or W-shaped mark. Because this pronotal pattern is variable and may be weak or absent, it is best interpreted together with other structural characters. A particularly useful feature is the distinct subapical transverse fold or ridge near the posterior end of the elytra, visible as a shallow transverse elevation/depression across the apical declivity; its presence strongly supports identification as H. axyridis, although the ridge can be reduced or absent in some individuals. The elytral surface is not hairy. The head is variably black or yellow and may bear pale markings, while the lateral margins of the pronotum are typically pale. Ventrally, the abdomen is at least partly orange to reddish-brown, and the legs are generally brown to orange. Adults often appear nearly circular in dorsal view and hemispherical in lateral view, with broad, squared shoulders. Diagnostic assessment should therefore combine body size and convex outline with the highly variable elytral colour pattern, pronotal markings, and especially the posterior elytral fold. The three most useful characters for rapid field or image-based screening are: (1) a pale pronotum frequently bearing an M-shaped black marking, (2) strongly variable elytral colour and spot patterns, and (3) a distinct subapical transverse fold at the rear of the elytra. Because colour morphs overlap with those of other coccinellids and some individuals lack the typical M-shaped pronotal mark or a conspicuous ridge, uncertain specimens should be confirmed using multiple morphological characters and, where necessary, genital or molecular evidence.
Koch RL (2003) The multicolored Asian lady beetle, Harmonia axyridis: a review of its biology, uses in biological control, and non-target impacts. Journal of Insect Science 3:32. https://doi.org/10.1093/jis/3.1.32; Cisneros-Heredia DF, Peñaherrera-Romero E (2020) Invasion history of Harmonia axyridis (Pallas, 1773) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Ecuador. PeerJ 8:e10461. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10461; Yu G-Y (2010) Identification of Harmonia axyridis and H. yedoensis with notes on the former's color pattern and elytral ridge occurrence. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology.
Host Plants (0 host plants)
Data sources: EPPO Global Database and relevant literature.
No host plants available.
Quarantine Status (2 records)
Data sources: IPPC website and national quarantine websites; verified by human review.
Distribution (95 countries)
Data Sources: EPPO Global Database and GBIF.
| Country | Status | State |
|---|---|---|
| Albania | Present | — |
| Andorra | Present | — |
| Argentina | Present | — |
| Armenia | Present | — |
| Australia | Present | — |
| Austria | Present | — |
| Azerbaijan | Present | — |
| Belgium | Present | — |
| Bulgaria | Present | — |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Present | — |
Distribution Map (Latitude and longitude coordinates sourced from GBIF.)
Download CSVGenomes (7 records)
Data source: NCBI.
| Assembly Accession | Assembly Level | Genome Size(Mb) | Contig N50(Kb) | Scaffold N50(Kb) | BUSCO% | Downloads | Actions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GCF_914767665.1 | Chromosome | 425 | 22915 | 63675 | 0.974576294% |
|
|
|
icHarAxyr1.1 |
|||||||
| GCA_011033045.2 | Chromosome | 415 | 890 | 45919 | - |
|
|
|
ZU_Haxy_2.0 |
|||||||
| GCA_009805905.1 | Scaffold | 10 | 30 | 211 | - |
|
|
|
ASM980590v1 |
|||||||
| GCA_003865315.1 | Scaffold | 557 | 26 | 157 | - |
|
|
|
Haxy_h_NT8_v1 |
|||||||
| GCA_003865295.1 | Scaffold | 581 | 24 | 100 | - |
|
|
|
Haxy_hC_NT6_v1 |
|||||||
| GCA_003865275.1 | Scaffold | 510 | 23 | 57 | - |
|
|
|
Haxy_hA_F2_v1 |
|||||||
| GCA_003402655.2 | Scaffold | 434 | 86 | 1106 | - |
|
|
|
Haxy_hC_F2.3_v2 |
|||||||
Transcriptomes (23 records)
Data source: NCBI.
| Run ID | Tissue | Developmental Stage | Sex | Read Count | Location | Actions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR15696832 | adult body | - | - | 19466609 | China: Beijing | |
|
PRJNA579455 SRX11992807 SRP302325 insect RNA-seq for black 2-spot male adult The clustering of the index-coded samples was performed on a cBot cluster generation system using HiSeq PE Cluster Kit v4-cBot-HS (Illumina) according to the manufacturers instructions. After cluster generation, the libraries were sequenced on an Illumina platform and 150 bp paired-end reads were generated. ZJU_2019 {'tissue': 'adult body', 'isolate': 'ZJU_2019', 'geo_loc_name': 'China: Beijing', 'biosamplemodel': 'Invertebrate', 'collection_date': '2018', 'isolation-source': 'colony maintained at Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Laboratory; originally isolated from cotton fields on the experimental campus of BAAFS, Beijing, China, in May 2013'} |
||||||
| SRR15696831 | adult body | - | - | 20892510 | China: Beijing | |
|
PRJNA579455 SRX11992808 SRP302325 insect RNA-seq for black 2-spot male adult The clustering of the index-coded samples was performed on a cBot cluster generation system using HiSeq PE Cluster Kit v4-cBot-HS (Illumina) according to the manufacturers instructions. After cluster generation, the libraries were sequenced on an Illumina platform and 150 bp paired-end reads were generated. ZJU_2019 {'tissue': 'adult body', 'isolate': 'ZJU_2019', 'geo_loc_name': 'China: Beijing', 'biosamplemodel': 'Invertebrate', 'collection_date': '2018', 'isolation-source': 'colony maintained at Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Laboratory; originally isolated from cotton fields on the experimental campus of BAAFS, Beijing, China, in May 2013'} |
||||||
| SRR15696830 | adult body | - | - | 27445447 | China: Beijing | |
|
PRJNA579455 SRX11992809 SRP302325 insect RNA-seq for black 4-spot female adult The clustering of the index-coded samples was performed on a cBot cluster generation system using HiSeq PE Cluster Kit v4-cBot-HS (Illumina) according to the manufacturers instructions. After cluster generation, the libraries were sequenced on an Illumina platform and 150 bp paired-end reads were generated. ZJU_2019 {'tissue': 'adult body', 'isolate': 'ZJU_2019', 'geo_loc_name': 'China: Beijing', 'biosamplemodel': 'Invertebrate', 'collection_date': '2018', 'isolation-source': 'colony maintained at Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Laboratory; originally isolated from cotton fields on the experimental campus of BAAFS, Beijing, China, in May 2013'} |
||||||
| SRR15696829 | adult body | - | - | 32139641 | China: Beijing | |
|
PRJNA579455 SRX11992810 SRP302325 insect RNA-seq for black 4-spot female adult The clustering of the index-coded samples was performed on a cBot cluster generation system using HiSeq PE Cluster Kit v4-cBot-HS (Illumina) according to the manufacturers instructions. After cluster generation, the libraries were sequenced on an Illumina platform and 150 bp paired-end reads were generated. ZJU_2019 {'tissue': 'adult body', 'isolate': 'ZJU_2019', 'geo_loc_name': 'China: Beijing', 'biosamplemodel': 'Invertebrate', 'collection_date': '2018', 'isolation-source': 'colony maintained at Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Laboratory; originally isolated from cotton fields on the experimental campus of BAAFS, Beijing, China, in May 2013'} |
||||||
| SRR15696828 | adult body | - | - | 22597159 | China: Beijing | |
|
PRJNA579455 SRX11992811 SRP302325 insect RNA-seq for black 4-spot female adult The clustering of the index-coded samples was performed on a cBot cluster generation system using HiSeq PE Cluster Kit v4-cBot-HS (Illumina) according to the manufacturers instructions. After cluster generation, the libraries were sequenced on an Illumina platform and 150 bp paired-end reads were generated. ZJU_2019 {'tissue': 'adult body', 'isolate': 'ZJU_2019', 'geo_loc_name': 'China: Beijing', 'biosamplemodel': 'Invertebrate', 'collection_date': '2018', 'isolation-source': 'colony maintained at Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Laboratory; originally isolated from cotton fields on the experimental campus of BAAFS, Beijing, China, in May 2013'} |
||||||
| SRR15696827 | adult body | - | - | 26602174 | China: Beijing | |
|
PRJNA579455 SRX11992812 SRP302325 insect RNA-seq for black 2-spot male adult The clustering of the index-coded samples was performed on a cBot cluster generation system using HiSeq PE Cluster Kit v4-cBot-HS (Illumina) according to the manufacturers instructions. After cluster generation, the libraries were sequenced on an Illumina platform and 150 bp paired-end reads were generated. ZJU_2019 {'tissue': 'adult body', 'isolate': 'ZJU_2019', 'geo_loc_name': 'China: Beijing', 'biosamplemodel': 'Invertebrate', 'collection_date': '2018', 'isolation-source': 'colony maintained at Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Laboratory; originally isolated from cotton fields on the experimental campus of BAAFS, Beijing, China, in May 2013'} |
||||||
| SRR24880642 | whol body | - | - | 24330486 | China: Guangzhou | |
|
PRJNA549114 SRX20644081 SRP213364 insect transcriptome of Harmonia axyridis four instar larva fed aphids replicate 1 RNA-seq of whole body HALAAPH1 {'tissue': 'whol body', 'isolate': 'HALAAPH1', 'geo_loc_name': 'China: Guangzhou', 'biosamplemodel': 'Invertebrate', 'collection_date': '2020-01-01', 'isolation_source': 'lab-reared'} |
||||||
| ERR12245507 | - | - | NOT PROVIDED | 36968671 | N/A | |
|
PRJEB45165 ERX11656465 ERP129276 insect Illumina NovaSeq 6000 paired end sequencing Illumina sequencing of sample accession SAMEA111458235 for study accession PRJEB45165. This is part of an Illumina multiplexed sequencing run (47488_1). This submission includes reads tagged with the sequence GCGCCAAG. {'gal': 'Natural History Museum', 'sex': 'NOT PROVIDED', 'tolid': 'icHarAxyr2', 'habitat': 'NOT COLLECTED', 'lifestage': 'adult', 'broker name': 'COPO', 'external id': 'SAMEA111458235', 'sample name': '633abc16573023627367f0ad', 'specimen_id': 'NHMUK013805901', 'collected_by': 'IAN SIMS', 'insdc status': 'public', 'project name': 'DTOL', 'submitter id': '633abc16573023627367f0ad', 'gal_sample_id': 'NHMUK013805901', 'identified_by': 'MICHAEL GEISER', 'organism part': 'ABDOMEN', 'collection date': '2021-07-29', 'ena-last-update': '2022-10-12T14:25:46Z', 'scientific_name': 'Harmonia axyridis', 'barcoding center': 'NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM', 'ena-first-public': '2022-10-12T14:25:46Z', 'insdc center name': 'EarlhamInstitute', 'insdc last update': '2022-10-12T14:25:46Z', 'insdc first public': '2022-10-12T14:25:46Z', 'sample derived from': 'SAMEA111458162', 'collecting institution': 'THE BRITISH ENTOMOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY (BENHS)', 'identifier_affiliation': 'NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM', 'geographic location (latitude)': '51.51', 'geographic location (longitude)': '-1.11', 'sample collection device or method': 'Aerial Net', 'geographic location (country and/or sea)': 'United Kingdom', 'geographic location (region and locality)': 'England|Hartslock NR'} |
||||||
| SRR28131282 | fat-body | - | - | 21527969 | China: Zhejiang | |
|
PRJNA1011000 SRX23774836 SRP457711 insect RNA-seq row data of H. axyridis fatbody RNA-seq fastq zhejiang {'age': 'adult', 'tissue': 'fat-body', 'isolate': 'zhejiang', 'geo_loc_name': 'China: Zhejiang', 'biosamplemodel': 'Invertebrate', 'collection_date': '2023-06', 'isolation_source': 'lab'} |
||||||
| SRR28131281 | fat-body | - | - | 20488423 | China: Zhejiang | |
|
PRJNA1011000 SRX23774837 SRP457711 insect RNA-seq row data of H. axyridis fatbody RNA-seq fastq zhejiang {'age': 'adult', 'tissue': 'fat-body', 'isolate': 'zhejiang', 'geo_loc_name': 'China: Zhejiang', 'biosamplemodel': 'Invertebrate', 'collection_date': '2023-06', 'isolation_source': 'lab'} |
||||||
DNA Barcodes (894 records)
View allData source: BOLD.
| Process ID | BIN | Marker | Length | Country | Date | Lat/Lon | Sequence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GBMIN32197-13 | BOLD:AAB5640 | COI-5P | 566 | United Kingdom | - | 53.978447, -2.852944 | |
| GBMIN32196-13 | BOLD:AAB5640 | COI-5P | 566 | United Kingdom | - | 53.978447, -2.852944 | |
| GBMIN32195-13 | BOLD:AAB5640 | COI-5P | 566 | United Kingdom | - | 53.978447, -2.852944 | |
| GBMIN32194-13 | BOLD:AAB5640 | COI-5P | 566 | United Kingdom | - | 53.978447, -2.852944 | |
| GBMIN32193-13 | BOLD:AAB5640 | COI-5P | 566 | United Kingdom | - | 53.978447, -2.852944 | |
| GBMIN32192-13 | BOLD:AAB5640 | COI-5P | 566 | United Kingdom | - | 53.978447, -2.852944 | |
| GBMIN32191-13 | BOLD:AAB5640 | COI-5P | 566 | United Kingdom | - | 53.978447, -2.852944 | |
| GBMIN32190-13 | BOLD:AAB5640 | COI-5P | 566 | United Kingdom | - | 53.978447, -2.852944 | |
| GBMIN32189-13 | BOLD:AAB5640 | COI-5P | 566 | United Kingdom | - | 53.978447, -2.852944 | |
| GBMIN32188-13 | BOLD:AAB5640 | COI-5P | 566 | United Kingdom | - | 53.978447, -2.852944 |
Literature
Fetching literature from NCBI PubMed...
Failed to fetch literature